Linux挂载USB硬盘的方法

先检查Linux是否加载usb模块

lsmod | grep usb

如果没有信息，则执行

modprobe usb-storage

之后把USB的硬盘接上，执行

fdisk -l

可以看到

Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14         587     4610655   82  Linux swap
/dev/sda3             588        9729    73433115   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn’t contain a valid partition table

可以看到/dev/sda是我们已有的硬盘，/dev/sdb就是USB硬盘了，提示改硬盘还没有分区，接下来我们就对/dev/sdb做分区，执行命令

fdisk /dev/sdb

之后会提示

Command (m for help):

可以输入m看一下help，我们输入n，新创建一个分区，之后出现

Command action
e   extended
p   primary partition (1-4)

输入p，创建主分区，之后

Partition number (1-4):

输入1，会提示

First cylinder (1-121601, default 1):

直接回车，即默认1，也就是从1开始，提示

Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-121601, default 121601):

直接回车，因为我把整个硬盘分1个区，所以就用最大值，回车就可以了，提示

Using default value 121601

Command (m for help):

这时候我们可以输入p，看一下分区情况

Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1      121601   976760001   83  Linux

Command (m for help):

这时候输入w，写入分区表，这样就完成了，会提示

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

我们再执行fdisk -l看一下情况

Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14         587     4610655   82  Linux swap
/dev/sda3             588        9729    73433115   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1      121601   976760001   83  Linux

我们已经看到/dev/sdb1了，现在要对/dev/sdb1做一下格式化，在linux上可以将格式化成多种格式，比如ext3 、reiserfs 、ext2 、fat32 、msdos等，我们还是格式化成ext3的默认格式，执行

mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1

mke2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
122109952 inodes, 244190000 blocks
12209500 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=247463936
7453 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848

Writing inode tables: done     (在这个地方会等待，直到done)
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:

直接回车就之后就完成格式化

done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

之后我们可以把/dev/sdb1挂载到系统中，比如

mount /dev/sdb1 /u02/oradata1

用df命令看一下

Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3             72279384   9336512  59271220  14% /
/dev/sda1               101086      8741     87126  10% /boot
none                   1553948         0   1553948   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1            961432072    110656 912483416   1% /u02/oradata1

/dev/sdb1已经mount到/u02/oradata1了。